添加蛋氨酸和飼養(yǎng)密度對(duì)肉雞的抗氧化狀態(tài)、脂肪酸譜和生長(zhǎng)性能的影響

發(fā)布單位:天津瑞孚農(nóng)牧科技集團(tuán)有限公司

查看次數(shù)：7877

時(shí)間：2020-06-23
高密度飼養(yǎng)的肉雞容易受到氧化和炎癥損傷，往往會(huì)導(dǎo)致健康狀況、生長(zhǎng)性能和肉質(zhì)受損。本研究旨在確定，增加雞只飼養(yǎng)密度，額外添加30%的DL-蛋氨酸是否能夠減輕或預(yù)防這些不利影響的發(fā)生。

選擇560只小公雞隨機(jī)分為4組：2個(gè)飼養(yǎng)密度（9和12只/m2）和2個(gè)蛋氨酸補(bǔ)充量（生長(zhǎng)期：2.90或3.77 g/kg和育成期：2.60或3.38 g/kg）。每周記錄生長(zhǎng)情況。在每個(gè)周期結(jié)束時(shí)采集血液和組織樣本。

結(jié)果表明，在生長(zhǎng)和育成期，高密度飼養(yǎng)降低了雞只的體重和生長(zhǎng)性能（P < 0.05）；而額外補(bǔ)充的蛋氨酸部分的減弱了這些差異。在兩個(gè)年齡段中，高蛋氨酸組雞只大腿的谷胱甘肽濃度提高（> 24%，P < 0.05）。在生長(zhǎng)期，高密度飼養(yǎng)提高了雞只血漿、胸部和大腿的谷胱甘肽濃度（> 28%，P < 0.05）；但是降低了生長(zhǎng)期肝臟和育成期大腿中的谷胱甘肽水平（P < 0.05）。在雞只生長(zhǎng)期肝臟和育成期胸部、大腿和脂肪組織中的抗氧化酶谷胱甘肽S-轉(zhuǎn)移酶活性方面，日糧蛋氨酸和飼養(yǎng)密度之間存在互作效應(yīng)（P < 0.05）。在育成期雞只大腿的谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性方面也發(fā)現(xiàn)了蛋氨酸和飼養(yǎng)密度的互作效應(yīng)。在育成期，額外補(bǔ)充蛋氨酸降低了熱休克蛋白90（18%）的肝基因表達(dá)（P < 0.05），減少了大腿和胸部丙二醛水平（35%）。

綜上所述，添加30%的DL-蛋氨酸能夠部分的減輕飼養(yǎng)密度增加所帶來的不良影響，改善肉雞的氧化還原狀態(tài)。

Supplemental methionine and stocking density affect antioxidant status, fatty acid profiles, and growth performance of broiler chickens

Broilers stocked in high densities may be prone to oxidative and inflammatory insults, resulting in impaired health status, growth performance, and meat quality. This study was to determine if 30% extra supplemental DL-methionine alleviated or prevented those adverse effects of a higher stocking density in broiler chickens. A total of 560 male Cornish Cross cockerels (day old) were divided into four groups: two stocking densities (9 and 12 birds/m2) and two supplementations of methionine (grower: 2.90 or 3.77 g/kg and finisher: 2.60 or 3.38 g/kg). Growth performance was recorded weekly. Blood and tissues were sampled at the end of each period. High stocking density decreased (P < 0.05) body weight and growth performance of growers and (or) finishers. Those differences were partially attenuated by the extra methionine supplementation. The high methionine elevated (P < 0.05) glutathione (GSH) concentration in the thigh at both ages (> 24%). The high stocking density elevated (>28%, P < 0.05) glutathione concentration in the plasma, breast, and thigh of growers, but decreased (P < 0.05) it in the liver of growers and thigh of finishers. Interaction effects (P < 0.05) between dietary methionine and stocking density were found on activities of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione S-transferase in the liver of growers and breast, thigh, and adipose tissue of finishers. The interaction effect was also found on activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the thigh of growers. The extra methionine decreased (P < 0.05) hepatic gene expression of heat shock protein 90 (18%) and thigh and breast malondialdehyde concentrations of the finishers (35%). In conclusion, the 30% extra DL-methionine supplementation was able to partially mitigate adverse effects caused by the higher stocking density and to improve the redox status of the broilers.

文章來源：豬營養(yǎng)國際論壇
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